70% of children with a PDA profile of autism are not in school or regularly struggle to attend.
PDA Society
Understanding Neurodiversity: Impact of Spatial Design and Rhythmic Structures on PDA Learners
Emma’s doctoral research at Birmingham City University is an ambitious endeavour focused on exploring the nuanced dynamics of spatiality and rhythm in the educational experiences of children diagnosed with Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA) within the UK Primary School system. With a keen interest in inclusive education and a passion for understanding the needs of neurodiverse learners, Emma’s study seeks to illuminate how the design of physical spaces and the implementation of rhythmic structures can impact the learning environments and social interactions of children with PDA. By delving deep into these interconnected aspects, Emma aims to identify effective strategies that promote the inclusion, engagement, and well-being of these students, ultimately striving to create more supportive and nurturing educational environments.

Emma’s scholarly pursuits extend beyond her doctoral research, as evidenced by her significant contributions to the field of education. Her work on researcher positionality, which examines the researcher’s subjective position and its influence on the research process, has been recognised and published in the Education Journal of BCU. This publication not only demonstrates Emma’s academic rigour and critical thinking skills but also underscores her commitment to reflexivity and ethical research practices. Emma’s insights into researcher positionality enrich the scholarly discourse surrounding educational research methodologies, contributing valuable perspectives to the academic community and informing future studies in the field.
In addition to her academic endeavours, Emma is actively engaged in collaborative efforts aimed at advancing understanding and support for individuals with PDA and autism spectrum conditions. As a member of the researchers’ network for both the PDA Society charity and Autism UK, Emma contributes her expertise and insights to ongoing initiatives and research projects. Through her involvement in these organisations, Emma not only enhances her own understanding of neurodevelopmental differences but also plays a vital role in advocating for inclusive practices and raising awareness about the diverse needs of individuals on the autism spectrum. Emma’s multiple contributions underscore her dedication to making meaningful contributions to both research and advocacy efforts aimed at improving the lives of neurodiverse individuals and fostering inclusive communities.
What People Say
Research is needed in order to reduce the possibility of individuals being disadvantaged or discriminated against through misunderstanding. PDA individuals can be particularly vulnerable to being misunderstood, and are often unable to access education (even specialist settings) or employment in later life.
PDA Society, 2024
“Although I’m acting angry what I’m feeling is terror, and afterwards I don’t remember what I’ve done” – Jack
“It’s like a great big whoosh of NO!” – Ben
“When people speak to me in an authoritative way it makes me want to punch them really hard!” – Chloe
(Sourced : PDA Society, 2024)
